Bitmapped Indexing

Bitmapped Indexing is a sophisticated and fast indexing technique using the binary values of individual bits to indicate values of attributes in relational database tables. This technique is very effective in a data warehouse for a low-selectivity data, that is, for attributes that have only a few indexed values

Baseboars Management Controller (BMC)

A baseboard management controller (BMC) is a specialized service processor that monitors the physical state of a computer, network server or other hardware device using sensors and communicating with the system administrator through an independent connection.

Blue Cloud

Blue Cloud is an approach to shared infrastructure developed by IBM. The goal of IBM's Blue Cloud is to provide services that automate fluctuating demands for IT resources. The set of all the connections involved is sometimes called the "cloud."
The primary objective of the Blue Cloud project is to facilitate distributed computing within data centers, rather than performing tasks on individual machines or through remote servers.

BIC (Business Information Center)

A business information center (BIC) is an incubator for entrepreneur s designed to offer information, education, training and access to other services at one location. BICs provide free on-site counseling, training, workshops, networking opportunities and other resources that address the needs of start up companies.

Business Impact Analysis

Business impact analysis (BIA) is an essential component of an organization's business continuance plan; it includes an exploratory component to reveal any vulnerabilities, and a planning component to develop strategies for minimizing risk.

BGP (border Gateway Protcol)

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is a protocol for exchanging routing information between gateway hosts (each with its own router) in a network of autonomous systems. BGP is often the protocol used between gateway hosts on the Internet.

BBS (Bulletin Bord System)

A bulletin board system (BBS) is a computer or an application dedicated to the sharing or exchange of messages or other files on a network.

BAPI (Business Application Programming Interface)

BAPI (Business Application Programming Interface) is a set of interfaces to object-oriented programming methods that enable a programmer to integrate third-party software into the proprietary R/3 product from SAP.

BAM (Business activity monitor)

Business activity monitoring (BAM), also called business activity management, is the use of technology to proactively define and analyze critical opportunities and risks in an enterprise to maximize profitability and optimize efficiency. The BAM paradigm can be used to evaluate external as well as internal factors.

backplane

A backplane is an electronic circuit board containing circuitry and sockets into which additional electronic devices on other circuit boards or cards can be plugged; in a computer, generally synonymous with or part of the motherboard.

Back Door

A back door is a means of access to a computer program that bypasses security mechanisms.
A programmer may sometimes install a back door so that the program can be accessed for troubleshooting or other purposes.

Front-end & Back-end

Front-end and back-end are terms used to characterize program interfaces and services relative to the initial user of these interfaces and services.
A "front-end" application is one that application users interact with directly.
A "back-end" application or program serves indirectly in support of the front-end services, usually by being closer to the required resource or having the capability to communicate with the required resource.

Snowflake Schema

A normalized version of the STAR schema in which dimension tables are partially or fully normalized. Not generally recommended because it compromises query performance and simplicity for understanding.

Surrogate Key

It is an artificial key field, usually with system-assigned sequential numbers, used in the dimensional model to link a dimension table to the fact table. In the dimensional table, the surrogate key is the primary key which becomes a foreign key in the fact table.

STAR Schema

STAR Schema is the arrangement of the collection of fact and dimensions tables in the dimensional data model, resembling a star formation, with the fact table placed in the middle surrounded by the dimension tables. Each dimension table is in a one-to-many relationship with the fact table.

Referential Integrity

Referential Integrity refers to two relational tables that are directly related. Referential Integrity between related tables is established if non-null values in the foreign key field of the child table are primary key values in the parent table.

MOLAP

Multidimensional Online Analytical Processing is an analytical processing technique in which multidimensional data cubes are created and stored in separate proprietary databases.

ROLAP

Relational Online Analytical Processing(ROLAP) is an alternative to the MOLAP (Multidimensional OLAP) technology. While both ROLAP and MOLAP analytic tools are designed to allow analysis of data through the use of a multidimensional data model, ROLAP differs significantly in that it does not require the pre-computation and storage of information. Instead, ROLAP tools access the data in a relational database and generate SQL queries to calculate information at the appropriate level when an end user requests it.

HOLAP

Hybrid Online Analytical Processing is an approach to analytical processing that combines the MOLAP and ROLAP techniques. HOLAP allows storing part of the data in a MOLAP store and another part of the data in a ROLAP store. The degree of control that the cube designer has over this partitioning varies from product to product

EIS (Executive Information System)

Application specially designed for senior executives to perform information look up and trend analysis.

Database

A repository where an ordered and integrated collection of the enterprise data is stored for computer processing an information sharing.

BLOB (Binary Large Object)

Very large binary representation of multimedia objects that can be stored and used in some enhanced relational databases.

Alert System

A software system that notifies and events take place such as some business indicator exceeding a present threshold value.

Agent Technology

A technology where specialized software modules act to produce desired results based on specified events. this software is structurally transparent user.

Crosstab

It refers to cross tabulation of data in tabular format with totals of coluns and row for summarization and analysis

Clustering

A method of keeping database files physically close to one another on the storage media for improving performance through sequential pref-etch operations.

Knowledge Management

A computing environment for accumulating encoding, storing and managing enterprise knowledge.

Indexing

The method for speeding up the database access by creating index files that point of data files.

GUI (Graphical User Interface)

A graphical user interface (GUI)is a type of user interface item that allows people to interact with programs in more ways than typing.

DSS (Decision Support System)

Decision support systems constitute a class of computer-based information systems including knowledge-based systems that support decision-making activities.

Client/ Server Computing

Client–server model of computing is a distributed application structure that partitions tasks or workloads between service providers, called servers, and service requester, called clients

CGI (Common Gateway Interface)

The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is a standard that defines how web-server software can delegate the generation of web-pages to a text-based application.

DBMS

A Database Management System (DBMS) is a set of computer programs that controls the creation, maintenance, and the use of a database. It allows organizations to place control of database development in the hands of database administrators (DBAs) and other specialists. A DBMS is a system software package that helps the use of integrated collection of data records and files known as databases. It allows different user application programs to easily access the same database.Thus it is a software system to store, access, maintain, manage and safeguard data in database.

CIO

Chief Information Officer is a executive who heads the information services division of an organization. The CIO, usually reporting directly to the CEO, has the responsibility for all the organization's computing and data communications.

DDL

A Data Definition Language or Data Description Language (DDL) is a computer language for defining data structures. DDL is a component in database management system used for defining data structures in the data dictionary.

Data Dictionary

A data dictionary is a "centralized repository of information about data such as meaning, relationships to other data, origin, usage, and format". Thus data dictionary is a catalog or directory in a database management system that stores data structures and relationships

CRM

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) refers to the set of procedures and computer applications designed to manage and improve customer service in an enterprise. Data Warehousing, with integrated data about each customer, is suitable for CRM

Data Mining

Data mining is the process of extracting patterns from data. Data mining is becoming an increasingly important tool to transform the data into information. It is commonly used in a wide range of profiling practices, such as marketing, surveillance, fraud detection and scientific discovery.

Data Mart

A data mart is a subset of an organizational data store, usually oriented to a specific purpose or major data subject that may be distributed to support business needs. Data marts are analytical data stores designed to focus on specific business functions for a specific community within an organization. Data marts are often derived from subsets of data in a data warehouse, though in the bottom-up data warehouse design methodology the data warehouse is created from the union of organizational data marts.

CORBA

Common Object Request Broker Architecture(CORBA) is a standard defined by the Object Management Group (OMG) that enables software components written in multiple computer languages and running on multiple computers to work together. CORBA is useful because it enables separate pieces of software written in different languages and running on different computers to work together as a single application or set of services. More specifically, CORBA is a mechanism in software for normalizing the method-call semantics between application objects that reside either in the same address space (application) or remote address space (same host, or remote host on a network)

CASE

Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) is the scientific application of a set of tools and methods to a software system which is meant to result in high quality, defect-free and maintainable software products. It also refers to methods for the development of information systems together with automated tools that can be used in the software development process

OLAP

Online analytical processing, or OLAP is an approach to answer multi-dimensional analytical queries. OLAP is part of the broader category of business intelligence which also encompasses relational reporting and data mining. The typical applications of OLAP are in business reporting for sales, marketing, management reporting, business process management(BPM), budgeting and forecasting, financial reporting and similar areas. Database configured for OLAP use a multi-dimensional data model, allowing for complex analytical and ad-hoc queries with a rapid execution time. They borrow aspects of navigational databases and hierarchical databases that are faster than relational databases.

ACT

Application Compatibility Toolkit (ACT) is a set of freely downloadable program utilities and related documents from Microsoft for ensuring compatibility among application programs in Windows operating systems, especially in a large network environment. The Toolkit can also be used to diagnose and fix problems that may be related to compatibility.

ACD

An Automatic Call Distributor (ACD) is a telephone facility that manages incoming calls and handles them based on the number called and an associated database of handling instructions. Many companies offering sales and service support use ACDs to validate callers, make outgoing responses or calls, forward calls to the right party, allow callers to record messages, gather usage statistics, balance the use of phone lines, and provide other services.
ACDs often provide some form of Automatic Customer/Caller Identification (ACIS) such as that provided by Direct Inward Dialing (DID), Dialed Number Identification Service (DNIS), or Automatic Number Identification (ANI).

Data Aggregation

Data aggregation is any process in which information is gathered and expressed in a summary form, for purposes such as statistical analysis. A common aggregation purpose is to get more information about particular groups based on specific variables such as age, profession, or income. The information about such groups can then be used for Web site personalization to choose content and advertising likely to appeal to an individual belonging to one or more groups for which data has been collected.

B-tree

A B-tree is a method of placing and locating files (called records or keys) in a database. (The meaning of the letter B has not been explicitly defined.) The B-tree algorithm minimizes the number of times a medium must be accessed to locate a desired record, thereby speeding up the process.
B-trees are preferred when decision points, called nodes, are on hard disk rather than in random-access memory (RAM).

ADO

ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) is an application program interface from Microsoft that lets a programmer writing Windows applications get access to a relational or non-relational database from both Microsoft and other database providers.

ACPI

ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is an industry specification for the efficient handling of power consumption in desktop and mobile computers. ACPI specifies how a computer's basic input/output system, operating system, and peripheral devices communicate with each other about power usage.
ACPI is in part a response to global concerns about energy conservation and environmental control.

API

An application programming interface (API) is an interface implemented by a software program which enables it to interact with other software. It facilitates interaction between different software programs similar to the way the user interface facilitates interaction between humans and computers. An API is implemented by applications, libraries, and operating systems to determine their vocabularies and calling conventions, and is used to access their services.

SDLC

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC), or Software Development Life Cycle is the process of creating or altering systems, and the models and methodologies that people use to develop these systems. The concept generally refers to computer or information systems.

Data

The term data refers to groups of information that represent the qualitative or quantitative attributes of a variable or set of variables.
Data are often viewed as the lowest level of abstraction from which information and knowledge are derived.
Raw data refers to a collection of numbers, characters, images or other outputs from devices that collect information to convert physical quantities into symbols, that are unprocessed.

Database

A database consists of an organized collection of data for one or more uses, typically in digital form. One way of classifying databases involves the type of their contents.